Distributed solar power generation system is via small installation generators set (below 30MW) which is in user¡¯s spot or near electricity consumption spot,to satisfy special user¡¯s requirement, to support the economic operation of present electric grid,or to meet both of above requirements.These small generators set include Fuel Cell, miniature Gas Turbine, miniature PV generator and miniature wind/solar Hybrid generator, or the mix installation of Gas Turbine and Fuel Cell. It improves reliable service and electric quality because of near user.With technology development,public environmental policy and the expanding of electric market,distributed solar power generation system becomes the important choice of energy resource in the new century.
Nowadays,most of providing electricity system are basing on big generators set,big electric grid and high voltage to integrate.Although, 90% of electric load are provided by those that centralized and single big electric grid,present society have increasingly request for quality and reliability of energy resource and electricity providing,those big electric grid can¡¯t satisfy this requirement because of its own defect. Any a little hitch of big electric grid could have a big effect for whole of electric grid system,seriously may cause not having electricity spread of large scale,even cause to collapse for whole of the system,then to cause disastrous effect,which is happen in many Countries now and then. At the same time,these big electric grid is easily to be destroyed by war or terrorist attack,which may threaten State¡¯s safety if it is serious,such as Kosovo War and Gulf War,etc. Moreover,centralized big electric grid still can¡¯t follow the change of electric load, the cost would be large if to establish generator station just for temporary peak load,the economic efficiency is very low as well.
According to many Countries¡¯ experience,it is mainly method to save investment,reduce energy-consumption,improve system security and flexibility that to combine big electric grid system and distributed solar power generation system.
There are many great features according to combine distributed power generation and centralized providing electricity system:
1). All of generator station are independent in distributed power generation system,users can control by themselves,it can avoid large scale power cut,which makes it have more high safety and reliability.
2). Distributed power generator can complement the security deficiency of big electric grid,it can continue to provide power electricity when unexpected disaster happen,which is indispensably important complement for centralized electricity providing.
3). It can monitor the quality and performance of district electric power. It is very applicable for rural area,pasturing area,mountain area,the developing middle and small cities or commercial area,which can mostly reduce the pressure of environmental protection.
4). The transforming power consumption is very low,even it is not having energy loss,don¡¯t need establish distribution electric station,it can reduce or avoid additional cost during transforming and distribution, simultaneous to reduce the cost of building establishing and installation.
5). It can meet request for special market. For example,it can be used on mobile distributed generator vehicles which provide scene for important gather or celebration party.
6). It has a good control for peak current,very easy to operate. Since it has very few systems to operate,its stop or start is fast,which is very convenient to realize completely to be automatic.
If we treat power electricity marketization as the grand reform in electric industry,the distributed solar power generation system can be treated as the grand technology reform in electric industry, both of them combined action will get new achievement in the future electric industry. With the development of electric policy,distributed power generator provide a few users some kinds of independent choice,which can be adapt to the change of electric market. Moreover,since the short time installation of distributed power generation,don¡¯t need stock infrastructure. At the same time,its total investment is more lower when comparing with large scale centralized generator station and infrastructure,therefore, the function of distributed power generation will be increasingly obvious and important after the competition of establishing electric market, so that it can combine electric system to become a new electric system which is high efficiency and flexibility, to improve energy utilization rate and the stability,reliability and electric quality of whole electric system.